We begin a new study today! We are going to look at two related sections of Scripture: This study will look at Luke 22:31-34 and John 21:15-19
The first section deals with Jesus' prediction of Simon Peter's denial in the courtyard while the second second section deals with Simon Peter's "restoration." There is of course a lot to learn here regarding sin and forgiveness and temptation! I found these studies to be very enlightening.
You can hover your pointer over (most) any verse reference to read the
corresponding verse(s). (Scriptural cross-references are THE most
important resource!)
We will begin with an observational overview of Luke 22:31-34
Luke 22:31-34 (NASB)
31 "Simon, Simon, behold, Satan has demanded permission to sift you like wheat;
32 but I have prayed for you, that your faith may not fail; and you, when once you have turned again, strengthen your brothers."
33 But he said to Him, "Lord, with You I am ready to go both to prison and to death!"
34 And He said, "I say to you, Peter, the rooster will not crow today until you have denied three times that you know Me."
31 "Simon, Simon, behold, Satan has demanded permission to sift you like wheat;
32 but I have prayed for you, that your faith may not fail; and you, when once you have turned again, strengthen your brothers."
33 But he said to Him, "Lord, with You I am ready to go both to prison and to death!"
34 And He said, "I say to you, Peter, the rooster will not crow today until you have denied three times that you know Me."
Author: Luke
Date written: Most likely before A.D. 70
Purpose of the Gospel of Luke: To give a very connected and
orderly narrative of the life of Jesus Christ
Intended audience of the Gospel of Luke: Most likely written to help Gentiles come to
Christ
Main characters of this section of Scripture: Jesus Christ, Simon Peter and the other
apostles
- That Satan NEEDED permission to tempt Simon Peter
- Jesus prayed for Simon! Jesus intervened for Simon
- Notice that Jesus makes a difference of a failure of faith and turning away (committing a sin etc.)
- The boldness of Peter's claim of allegiance.
- Peter is to strengthen his brothers after his own fall and return!
Terms of Conclusion:
- Jesus states categorically that Simon Peter will turn back again!
Expressions of Time:
- The time between then and the time when the rooster crows.
- The as yet unknown time when Peter will turn back to Jesus!
Textual Context:
- This exchange occurs immediately following a debate between the apostles over who would be the "greatest" amongst them. This is part of Jesus' response to that debate.
- In John 21:15-19 Jesus Himself returns Simon Peter to Jesus! (just as God brought the Israelites to Himself! Ex 19:4 )
Now and Observational Overview of Jn 21:15-19
John 21:15-19 (NASB)
15 So when they had finished breakfast, Jesus *said to Simon Peter, "Simon, son of John, do you love Me more than these?" He *said to Him, "Yes, Lord; You know that I love You." He *said to him, "Tend My lambs."
16 He *said to him again a second time, "Simon, son of John, do you love Me?" He *said to Him, "Yes, Lord; You know that I love You." He *said to him, "Shepherd My sheep."
17 He *said to him the third time, "Simon, son of John, do you love Me?" Peter was grieved because He said to him the third time, "Do you love Me?" And he said to Him, "Lord, You know all things; You know that I love You." Jesus *said to him, "Tend My sheep.
18 "Truly, truly, I say to you, when you were younger, you used to gird yourself and walk wherever you wished; but when you grow old, you will stretch out your hands and someone else will gird you, and bring you where you do not wish to go."
19 Now this He said, signifying by what kind of death he would glorify God. And when He had spoken this, He *said to him, "Follow Me!"
15 So when they had finished breakfast, Jesus *said to Simon Peter, "Simon, son of John, do you love Me more than these?" He *said to Him, "Yes, Lord; You know that I love You." He *said to him, "Tend My lambs."
16 He *said to him again a second time, "Simon, son of John, do you love Me?" He *said to Him, "Yes, Lord; You know that I love You." He *said to him, "Shepherd My sheep."
17 He *said to him the third time, "Simon, son of John, do you love Me?" Peter was grieved because He said to him the third time, "Do you love Me?" And he said to Him, "Lord, You know all things; You know that I love You." Jesus *said to him, "Tend My sheep.
18 "Truly, truly, I say to you, when you were younger, you used to gird yourself and walk wherever you wished; but when you grow old, you will stretch out your hands and someone else will gird you, and bring you where you do not wish to go."
19 Now this He said, signifying by what kind of death he would glorify God. And when He had spoken this, He *said to him, "Follow Me!"
Author of the Gospel of John: John
Date written: Probably late in the first century
Purpose of the Gospel of John: To inspire faith that Jesus
Christ is the Son of God!
Intended audience of the Gospel of John: Seekers AND
believers
Important places: These verse take place at the Sea of
Galilee Or Tiberias?
Main characters:
Jesus Christ, Simon Peter
Recurring themes:
An encounter with Jesus Christ demands a response. One must choose! (this is important for our current verses I
think!)
Things emphasized:
- That Simon Peter is to tend, shepherd the flock (the Church! Jesus told him to strengthen his brothers upon Simon's return to the Lord! Luke 22:32
- How truly remorseful Simon Peter is for his denial of Jesus in the courtyard! The English word grieved is used to describe Simon Peter's emotions!
- Simon Peter will suffer later in life.
- And yet Jesus commands Simon Peter to follow Him! (we are to all flow Jesus where He wants us to go! John 21:21-22
Things repeated:
- Jesus asks Simon three times if he truly loves Him!
- Jesus states three times (although a bit differently each time) for Peter to take care of Jesus' flock!
- The command for Simon Peter to follow the Lord: John 21:19 and John 21:22
Things related:
- The number of times Jesus asks Simon Peter if he loves Him, and Peter's three denials in the courtyard.
- Lambs and sheep
- Tend, and Shepherd! (look at these words carefully!!)
Thing True to Life:
- John 21:22
Terms of conclusion:
- Although a time is not given, Jesus does tell Peter his fate.
Textual Context:
- The number of times that Simon Peter denied knowing Jesus Christ is identical to the number of times Jesus asks Simon Peter if he (Simon) loves Jesus. Lk 22:31-34
- Jesus predicts Simon Peter's return! Luke 22:31-34
John 21:20-22 (NASB)
20 Peter, turning around, *saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following them; the one who also had leaned back on His bosom at the supper and said, "Lord, who is the one who betrays You?"
21 So Peter seeing him *said to Jesus, "Lord, and what about this man?"
22 Jesus *said to him, "If I want him to remain until I come, what is that to you? You follow Me!"
20 Peter, turning around, *saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following them; the one who also had leaned back on His bosom at the supper and said, "Lord, who is the one who betrays You?"
21 So Peter seeing him *said to Jesus, "Lord, and what about this man?"
22 Jesus *said to him, "If I want him to remain until I come, what is that to you? You follow Me!"
Next time we will look in-depth at both of these sections of Scripture!
Bibliography
- Brand, Chad, Charles Draper, Archie England, ed. Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers, 2003. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.
- Fleming, Don. Concise Bible Commentary. Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers, 1994. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.
- God's Word: Today's Bible Translation That Means What It Says Holiday, FL: Green Key Books, n.d.. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.
- – Holman Christian Standard Bible Nashville: Holman Bible, 1999. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.
- Holy Bible, New American Standard La Habra, CA: The Lockman Foundation, 1995. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.
- Pfeiffer, Charles F. and Everett F. Harrison, ed. The Wycliffe Bible Commentary. Chicago: Moody Bible Institute, 1990. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.
- Walton, John H., Victor H. Matthews, Mark W. Chavalas. The IVP Bible Background Commentary – Old Testament. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.
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